Circulatory system

Circulatory system of honey bee. After Snodgrass (1956, fig. 78) [1], Dade (fig. 20) [2], Krenn (1995, fig. 10d) [3].
The main part of the system is heart. It pumps haemolymph from the abdomen to the head.
Ao - aorta
dDph - dorsal diaphragm
hv - head vesicle
Ht - heart
i - convulated part of aorta
Os - ostia
pd - pulsatile diaphragm
vDph - ventral diaphragm
Other references: [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]
References
- Anatomy of the honey bee. Comstock Publishing Associates, Ithaca, pp. 334. (1956)
- Anatomy and dissection of the honeybee. International Bee Research Association, London, pp. 158. (1977)
- Morphological diversity and phylogenetic analysis of wing circulatory organs in insects, part II. Holometabola. Zoology 98:147–147. (1995)
- Das Herz und das Circulationssystem der Honigbiene (Apis mellifica L.). Zeitschrift für Wissenschaftliche Zoologie 132:404–475. (1928)
- Der feinere Bau der Aorta im Thorax der Honigbiene. Cell and Tissue Research 48:635–638. (1958)
- A comparative study of the dorsal vessels of bees. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 51:538–546. (1958)
- Blood circulation in insect wings. Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada 38:5-60. (1964)
- Aspectos ultra-estruturais do músculo cardíaco de Apis mellifera L. (Hymenoptera, Apidae). Revista Brasileira de Biologia 34:105–113. (1974)
- Degenerative changes in heart muscle from senescent honeybee workers (Apis mellifera adansonii). Journal of Invertebrate Pathology 27:1–5. (1976)
- Heartbeat rate modulation mediated by the ventral nerve cord in the honey bee, Apis mellifera. Journal of Comparative Physiology B: Biochemical, Systemic, and Environmental Physiology 161:602–610. (1991)
- Antennal circulatory organ of Apis Mellifera L.(Hymenoptera: Apidae) and other Hymenoptera: functional morphology and phylogenetic aspects. International Journal of Insect Morphology and Embryology 28:97–109. (1999)
- Accessory pulsatile organs: evolutionary innovations in insects. Annual Review of Entomology 45:495–518. (2000)
- The cardiotoxic action of the pyrethroid insecticide deltamethrin, the azole fungicide prochloraz, and their synergy on the semi-isolated heart of the bee Apis mellifera macedonica. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology 69:77–91. (2001)
- Phylogenetic relationships of the orders of Hexapoda: contributions from the circulatory organs for a morphological data matrix. Arthropod Systematics and Phylogeny 64:165–203. (2006)
- L'appareil circulatoire et les annexes. in: (1968) Chauvin R. (Ed.), Traité de biologie de l'abeille, vol. 1. Masson, Paris, pp. 498-514.
- Dissection and Observation of Honey Bee Dorsal Vessel for Studies of Cardiac Function. JoVE (Journal of Visualized Experiments) 118:e55029. (2016)
»
- Login to post comments